Switching regulators have unusual properties that have made them
very popular: Since the control element is either off or
saturated, there is very little power dissipation; switching
supplies are thus very efficient, even if there is a large drop
from input to output. Switchers (slang for "switching power
supplies") can generate output voltages higher than the
unregulated input, as in Figure 6.39B; they can just as easily
generate outputs opposite in polarity to the input!
Finally, switchers can be designed with no dc path from input to
output; that means they can run directly from the rectified power
line, with no ac power transformer! The result is a very small,
lightweight, and efficient dc supply. For these reasons,
switching supplies are used almost universally in computers.